Absalom and Achitoohel

  Hello,

 This blog is based upon Thinking Task   assigned by Dilip Barad sir. 

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Question:- Write on a theme of your choice. 

 Answer :-

     One of the central themes of John Dryden's poem "Absalom and Achitophel" is the dangers of ambition and the consequences of father-son conflict. 

 Original lines form poem:-

  A fiery soul, which working out its way,  

  Fretted the pigmy body to decay: 

 And o'er informed the tenement of clay.

 A daring courage, and a lofty mind, 

 The first effects of blood by Heaven   refined: 

 His frame was far above the common   size, 

  And more than common grace appear'd   in  his eyes." (lines 101-108) 

  The  theme of dangerous ambition is portrayed through the characters of Absalom, who seeks to overthrow his father, King David, and Achitophel, a cunning advisor who manipulates Absalom's ambitions for his own gain. The poem illustrates the perilous consequences of unchecked ambition, political intrigue, and rebellion. It serves as a cautionary tale, highlighting the destructive nature of ambition when driven by power and desire for control.

     These lines describe the physical and mental attributes of Absalom, the rebellious son of King David. Absalom is a handsome and charismatic figure, but his ambition and pride lead him to betray his father and attempt to seize the throne.

• Allegiance and Loyalty:

   Original lines form poem:-

"Each friend his utmost interest strives to raise, 

And he who fails his sovereign to defend  

Deserves no mercy from his angry friend" 

    Allegiance and loyalty theme,exploring  the consequences of misplaced or misguided loyalty. The character of Achitophel, a chief counselor to King David, plots against the rightful heir, symbolizing political betrayal and disloyalty. Conversely, Absalom represents rebellion against the established order, illustrating the tension between loyalty to the ruler and ambition for power.

        The poem portrays the consequences of political manipulation and the importance of remaining faithful to legitimate authority while warning against the dangers of rebellion and treachery. It serves as a cautionary tale about the consequences of political intrigue and the need for true loyalty and allegiance to maintain stability and order.

• Satire and Social Commentary:

      Original Lines from poem: 

"True to the mighty gifts on him bestow'd, 

He flies loud fame, and shuns the favour road;" 

 Dryden uses satire to mock and criticize the political figures and events of his time. He employs wit, humor, and exaggeration to expose the flaws, vices, and follies of the key characters, drawing parallels to contemporary politicians and situations.For instance, he satirizes King David as King Charles II and his illegitimate son, Absalom, as James, Duke of Monmouth, aiming to highlight the consequences of political intrigue and rebellion.

      The poem delves into the socio-political landscape of Restoration England. It comments on the instability and political tensions during that period, specifically addressing the power struggles, religious conflicts, and the issue of succession. Through characters like David, Absalom, and Achitophel (the chief conspirator), Dryden provides a critical analysis of the complexities of authority, loyalty, and manipulation within a society. It reflects on the consequences of political ambition and the impact of decisions made by leaders on the populace.

Question : Comment upon the beginning of the poem.

Answer:-

     The beginning of "Absalom and Achitophel" sets the stage for the political allegory that unfolds throughout the poem. John Dryden begins by invoking the biblical narrative of King David and his rebellious son, Absalom, but subtly overlays this ancient story with contemporary events and figures from the late 17th century, particularly the political intrigue and crisis in England.

       By establishing this parallel between biblical events and the contemporary political situation, Dryden cleverly sets the tone for the satirical elements of the poem. He introduces King David as King Charles II, Absalom as James, Duke of Monmouth, and Achitophel as Lord Ashley, Earl of Shaftesbury, presenting a veiled commentary on the political actors and issues of his time.

      The opening lines not only foreshadow the unfolding drama and power struggle but also serve as an invitation to the reader to delve into the allegory and decipher the hidden meanings and criticisms woven into the narrative. Dryden's mastery lies in his ability to seamlessly blend history, biblical allusions, and contemporary politics, providing a rich and engaging tapestry that invites deeper analysis.

Work Cited:- 

Chatgpt.” ChatGPT, 24 Sept. 2023, openai.com/chatgpt.